CAIRO

(the Capital of Egypt)  definitely is the biggest city in Africa ande the Middle_east,  is one of the world's largest urban areas ‎and offers many sites to see. It is the administrative ‎capital of Egypt .known officially as ‎al-Qāhirah and it also called "The city of a thousand minarets" .

Cairo, is an amazing city full of life and ‎movement, and it is that way almost 24 hours every ‎day, with the noisy honking of horns, children playing ‎in the streets and merchants selling their wears and ‎services. And here, the Egyptians are most at home in ‎this powerful, modern and ancient city .

Cairo, Egypt provides great culture, including art ‎galleries and music halls, such as the Cairo Opera ‎House; as well it should, being one of the largest cities ‎in the world. It also provides some of the grandest ‎accommodations and restaurants in the world, such as ‎the Four Seasons and the Cairo Marriott.‎

The citadel

The Citadel of Saladin

The Citadel, as it stands today, is a collection of ‎buildings, dating back to several eras. It contains ‎various, military, religious, secular and civil ‎constructions that have overlapped to constitute an ‎intricate archeological collection involving monuments ‎from the Ayyubid period as well as of later periods, ‎such as the Mamluk period , the Ottoman period and ‎the Muhammad Ali's period. The Citadel's buildings ‎will always be a rich field of research for archeologists ‎due to the potential discovery of walls or antiques that ‎might tell their stories in time.‎

The Location of the Citadel:‎ 

Saladin ordered the construction of his Citadel in (572 ‎H. /1176 A.D), assigning this responsibility to his ‎minister, Baha'- ud-Din Qaraqush. It was then built on ‎a part of a separate elevation of the Muqattam Hills. ‎The main purpose of its construction was of course to ‎fulfill Saladin's intention of establishing and maintaining ‎his control and power over Egypt besides protection ‎against potential dangers from the supporters of the ‎Fatimid Caliphs in Egypt especially after having ‎arrested and driven out Fatimid princes from the ‎eastern and western palaces, and replacing them by ‎his own princes. The Citadel ad a very significant ‎defensive function, namely, to protect Cairo in case it ‎is subjected to any assault.‎

The construction of this citadel was accompanied by ‎Saladin's major defensive project of having the four ‎capital cities of Egypt surrounded by a stone wall and ‎provided with strong defensive towers. He had ‎embarked on this project since (566 H. /1176. A.D), ‎when he was the minister of the Fatimid Caliph, Al-‎Adid. This process was simultaneous with the ‎commencement of the construction of the Citadel in ‎‎(572 H. /1176 A.D). Finally he had all the four capital ‎cities of Islamic Egypt, Al- Fustat, Al- Askar, Al- Qata'i ‎and Cairo, surrounded by a strong defensive wall.‎

The Mosque of Muhammad Ali  

This mosque, which is located within the walls of the ‎Citadel, is the gem of Islamic architecture in Egypt, ‎with its high dome and two elegant minarets. It has ‎also been known as the Citadel Mosque or the ‎Alabaster Mosque. The construction and decoration of ‎this mosque took quite a long time. They were initiated ‎by Muhammad Ali in (1246 H. /1830 A.D), and it was ‎added to by Khedive Abbass I and later by Ismail ‎Pasha in 1863. In (1296 H. /1879 A.D) Tawfik Pasha ‎restored the marble courtyard of the mosque. In 1935 ‎the original great dome was pulled down when some ‎fractures appeared in it, and it was rebuilt.‎

Sultan Hassan Collage

This madrasah was established by Sultan Al-Nasir ‎Hassan son of Muhammad Ibn Qalawun, who was first ‎named Qimari, but later on he chose the name ‎Hassan by which he became known. He came to ‎power in (748 H./1347A.D) but was overthrown in (752 ‎L/1351A.D). In (755 H./1354A.D) he was reinstated to ‎the throne of Egypt once more. In (762 H. /1361 A.D) ‎he had a serious conflict with prince Yalbugha, which ‎ended with his arrest together with a number of his ‎supporters in Matariyyah.‎

The location of this madrasah was previously known ‎as Suq al-Khayl (the horse market) and it had one of ‎the most wonderful palaces established by Sultan Al-‎Nasir Hassan in (738 H. /1337 A.D) for Prince ‎Yalbugha Al-Yahyawi. This palace survived until it was ‎demolished by order of Sultan Al-Nasir Hassan to be ‎replaced by his madrasah, the construction of which ‎was commenced in (757 Hegira) and was meticulously ‎followed up throughout his lifetime. Sultan Hassan is ‎quoted as having said, "This mosque cost so much ‎that at times I wished I could stop, had it not been for ‎fear lest it may be reported that the King of Egypt was ‎unable to finish something he had started". In fact, the ‎Sultan Hassan School has no equivalent in the whole ‎Islamic world.‎

Sultan Hassan Collage

visit cairo and see all the wonderful historical places,you will explore the tourist sightseeing in Egypt,especially The  Egyptian Museum , citadel ,Sultan Hassan Collage and  khan el khalili .

Luxor Travel Guide

Luxor "The city of the 100 gates" was the ancient city of the Thebes, the great capital of Egypt during the New Kingdom,The ancient Egyptians called the city Waset "the city of the scepter" capital of Egypt's IV nome.in a later period, the Greeks called  it  Thebai and the Romans after them Thebae.

The west bank did not, however, include only the tombs of the kings of Egypt, of their families and of the leading dignitaries, whose paintings are among the highest expressions of the art of all times. It was also the place where the worship of the deified living king, besides that of the dead kings, was conducted in the so-called temples "of the millions of years", masterpieces of ancient architecture.

valley of The Kings

The Royal necropolises, referred to as "Valley of the Kings" and "Valley of the Queens", the private necropolises, best known by the name of "tombs of the nobles", and the great memorial temples such as Deir el-Bahri, the Ramesseum or Medinet Habu, have nowadays become touristic  attractions visited every year by millions of tourists wishing to admire the works of art enclosed in the ancient kingdom of Osiris.

The Karnak Temple

Karnak Temple  

The largest temple complex ever built by man, it represents the combined achievement of generations of ancient builders and covers a truly massive area.

There are three main compounds. The main precinct, that of Amun, along with its subsidiary temples, lies in the centre; directly to the south is the precinct of Amun's consort Mut; and to the north is the precinct of Montu, the original falcon god of the Theban area who was displaced by Amun. The small temple of Khonsu, third member of Karnak's great triad (Amun, Mut and Khonsu), stands within the main Amun precinct, along with some 20 other temples and chapels built along two axes (east-west and north-south) this sprawling mass of ruined temple must be carefully studied in order to understand its original plan and subsequent growth. The original core of the temple was located near the centre of the east-west axis on a mound which was doubtless an ancient sacred site. From there the temple spread outwards, both towards the Nile in normal temple expansion and also on its other axis towards the outlying Mut temple to the south.

The modern entrance on the west is by way of the quay built by Ramesses II which gave access to the temple from a canal linked to the Nile in ancient times.

Colossis of Memnon

Colossi of Memnon

Two colossal seated statues of pharaon Amenhotep III .

IN 27 BC an earthquake damaged the northern statue, and perhaps created some flaw in the stone, causing it to produce a whistling sound each morning. 

This has been variously ascribed to the effect of the breeze or the expansion of the stone, although the precise reason remains uncertain.

Ramses II

As a result of the identification of the colossi with Memnon, the area of western Thebes itself became known as Memnonia, and the RAMESSEUM as the Memnonium. The term Memnonium was even applied to the Osireion at ABYDOS. These names were still fashionable in the early nineteenth century, when Giovanni BELZONI applied the phrase 'young Memnon' to a colossal head of Rameses II, which he transported from the Ramesseum to the British Museum.

If you want visit ‎the interesting historical sites of Luxor on East & West banks.

travel to luxor and Enjoy full day shore excursion tour .

Alexandria Travel Guide

Alexandria The Second largest and famous city in Egypt, founded  by Alexander the Great in 331 BC,. known as "The Pearl of the Mediterranean".

is a huge center of the international shipping industry and one of the most important trading centers in the world.Alexandria was also the center of learning in ‎the ancient world. But ancient Alexandria declined, ‎and when Napoleon landed, he found a sparsely ‎populated fishing village.
Alexandria is a city to explore at random. It's as ‎important to enjoy the atmosphere as it is to see the ‎sights. ‎
Dinocrates built the Heptastadion, the causeway ‎between Pharos and the mainland. This divided the ‎harbors into the Western and Eastern. The Eastern ‎harbor was really where the old harbor from the Middle ‎Ages was located.

Alexandria City

The Fortress of Qaytbay

The citadel consists of external and internal walls and ‎the main tower. The external walls surround the citadel ‎from all four directions. They have defensive towers ‎that rise as high as the level of the walls, with the ‎exception of the eastern wall. They also have ‎defensive arrow slits. A considerable distance ‎separates the outer walls from the internal ones where ‎the barracks and the store houses for arms and ‎weapons are found.‎

Qaytbay citadel

Library of Alexandria 

 The New Library of Alexandria, the New Bibliotheca ‎Alexandrina, is dedicated to recapture the spirit of ‎openness and scholarship of the original Bibliotheca ‎Alexandrina. It is much more than a library.‎The Revival of the Ancient Library of Alexandria:‎
At the meeting point of the three continents, Asia, ‎Africa and Europe, Egypt has been the cradle of ‎civilizations since ancient times.

Library of Alexandria

Enjoy your limited time and get the maximum amount of Egypt with the least amount of time. so, we offer Shore Excursion Deals to yo such as port Excursions, day tours from Egypt port are quick trips and carefully tailored to fit your cruise schedule and Budget as a privet day tour or shore excursion sharing group.